Burrell: 'I really hoped to continue my rugby career'
Important note: This article contains details of racially offensive comments and behaviour
FormerEngland player Luther Burrell says that going public to expose racism in professional rugby brought his professional journey to an premature conclusion.
In a June 2022, Burrell characterized racism as being "widespread" in the sport, showing digital communications and recalling training ground "jokes" he had been subject to while playing for Newcastle.
Then 34 and without a team, Burrell's only elite playing since has been three appearances with guest team the Barbarians.
"I've have absolutely had to retire because of what went on," he told reporters.
"I wanted to carry on competing, of course I did. I sought that, and it collapsed when news emerged that there were inquiries going on.
"That was challenging - I had to just come to terms with the fate and understand that this entire process is a lot bigger than me."
A sports organization investigation in April 2023 found Burrell's claims were true "likely correct", but stated it could not gather enough proof to definitively say they occurred at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell started all of England's international games in 2014 and 2015, but was controversially excluded for their squad for the 2015 tournament
Burrell revealed to media he also faced prejudice within the England team environment, during a international career that saw him earn 15 appearances after his first game in 2014.
"I have had multiple distressing experiences within the national team," he said.
"Certain instances of discrimination and some just old-school mentality that's really unacceptable."
Racism had become accepted in dressing rooms, in Burrell's view.
"This is something that has been disguised as humour and that's been the problem that I've myself suffered and witnessed," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican heritage.
"Over a period of time you just learn to believe that it's the norm and that is fine and that it's not harmful, but that's nonsense."
Burrell says he was eventually motivated to go public after a team-mate at Newcastle referred to him as a "enslaved person" and told him to put sun cream on his wrists and ankles "where your shackles were."
The governing body said Burrell's disclosures had led to "increased scrutiny at the culture within the elite game and to the implementation of an action plan for the professional game."
"The organization has given significant focus on diversity and inclusion in the sport and a great deal of work completed both before and after Luther Burrell spoke publicly and revealed his encounters of racism and class discrimination," it added.
"We are continuing work with teams and stakeholders in the professional game to strive for a culture of inclusivity but recognize this requires patience and is an ongoing process."
Every Premiership and PWR club now has in-person training on creating inclusive cultures, with its success tracked via specific documentation and feedback.
All England players, including age-grade squads, are educated in being "engaged observers" to intervene and protect others from damaging conduct.
"You be so pleased of what you have accomplished," Burrell's mother Joyce told him as part of the film about his experiences.
"We know it has had this impact on you and ended your career, but in our view, you have achieved so much. We are so impressed of you and to have you as a family member."
Burrell's father Geoff died soon after the filming of the documentary, and his sibling passed away earlier this year.
Burrell, who was raised on a social housing in his hometown, maintains his work to make the game more accessible.
His charitable organization works to reach children in disadvantaged communities and help them succeed on and off the pitch with free sports training, guidance and nutrition education.
"My personal motivations are genuine, I want to see the progress of the sport and if others is prepared to share their story then I'll persist to fight that cause because I'm not just doing this for myself," he said.
"Everyone involved have an obligation to make the sport as excellent as it can be and the more I speak about it hopefully the more confident fellow players will become about discussing their own stories as well.
"I need to grab the bull by the horns and keep carrying this banner and continue supporting this responsibility and accomplish what I can to develop possibilities and make the game more attractive and more inclusive.
"There's a lot of underprivileged children and a lot of economic hardship and I sincerely believe that rugby has the potential to transform their lives, just as it did for me."
Burrell scored a try for the Barbarians on a return to previous team Northampton in November 2022